问题 问答题

(1)常温下,0.1mol/LHA溶液与0.1mol/LNaOH溶液等体积混合后,溶液的pH______7;若溶液中c(Na+)=c(A-)+c(HA)时,pH______7,c(OH-)______c(HA).(填“>”“<”“≥”“≤”或“=”)

(2)若溶液由pH=3的HA溶液V1mL与pH=11的NaOH溶液V2mL混合而得,则下列说法正确的是______

A.若反应后溶液呈中性,则c(OH-)+c(H+)=2×10-7mol/L

B.若V1=V2,则反应后溶液pH一定等于7

C.若反应后溶液呈酸性,则V1一定大于V2

D.若反应后溶液呈碱性,则V1一定小于V2

答案

(1)如果酸是强酸,则混合溶液呈中性,如果酸是弱酸,混合溶液呈碱性,所以二者混合溶液pH≥7;

根据电荷守恒得c(Na+)+c(H+)=c(A-)+c(OH-),且溶液中存在c(Na+)=c(A-)+c(HA),所以得c(OH-)=c(H+)+c(HA),c(OH-)>c(H+),则pH>7,且c(OH-)>c(HA),

故答案为:≥;>;>;

(2)pH=3的HA溶液中,c(HA)≥0.001mol/L,pH=11的NaOH溶液中c(NaOH)=0.001mol/L,

A.若溶液M呈中性,则c(H+)=c(OH-)=1×10-7mol•L-1,则c(H+)+c(OH-)=2×10-7mol•L-1,故A正确;

B.若V1=V2,由于HA的强弱未知,则反应后溶液的酸碱性不能确定,溶液M的pH不一定等于7,故B错误;

C.如HA为弱酸,等体积混合,溶液也可能呈酸性,则V1不一定大于V2,故C错误;

D.如HA为弱酸,等体积混合呈酸性,如呈碱性,V1一定小于V2,如HA为强酸,反应后呈碱性,则V1一定小于V2,故D正确;

故选:AD.

阅读理解

Reading comprehension.

    One of the most famous movie prizes in the world is the Oscar. Every year in the United States, the

Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Science (电影艺术科学院) gives Oscars to people who have done

well in the movies. There is an Oscar for the best movie of the year, another for the best actor, and Oscars

for doing many other things well in movies.

    Oscars are very important because people want to see movies that have won them. They also want to

see actors who have won Oscars. This means movies that have won Oscars make a lot of money. The

Academy first gave prizes to movies in 1927, but they were not called Oscars then. That happened four

years later. Most people think that Oscar was someone famous in the movies, but he wasn't. He was

someone that a woman called Margaret Herrick knew. She worked for the Academy and one day she saw

the prize on a table. She said, "He looked like my friend Oscar." From that time on the prizes were called

the Oscars.

Answer the following questions according to the passage.

1. What is the Oscar?

                                                                                                                             

2. Who can win the Oscars?

                                                                                                                             

3. Where does the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Science give Oscars to them? 

                                                                                                                              

4. When did the Oscars get their names?

                                                                                                                              

5. Why are Oscars important?

                                                                                                                               

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