问题 实验题

小明家有株月季花,学习了相关知识后,他进行如下操作:

①将月季茎剪成15至20厘米茎段;

②茎段的上端切口斜向上,下端水平;

③保留上一个节上的部分叶,而将下面节的叶全部去掉;

④把下面节埋入土中。

小明采取的这种繁殖方式是________,他的操作中不正确的是(填序号)________。

应该怎样操作______________________________,这样操作益于成活的原因是________________________________________。

答案

扦插;②;上端切口水平,下端切口斜向下;上端切口水平可减少水分散失,下端切口斜向下可以增加吸收水分的面积,有利于生根

题目分析:扦插一般是指把植物的茎进行切断,经过处理之后,插在土壤中,然后每一段枝条都可以生根发芽,长出一个新的植株.柳树、杨树等植物适合用茎进行扦插繁殖.在用植物的茎进行扦插繁殖时,要对茎做一定的处理,①一般茎段保留两个节,剪成15至20厘米茎段;②茎段上方的切口是水平的,以减少伤口水分的蒸发,下方的切口是斜向的,利于增加吸水的面积,有利于生根,也易辨别正反方向,③上一个节上的叶要去掉部分叶片,使之既能进行光合作用,又降低了蒸腾作用,减少了水分的蒸发,下一个节要从叶柄处全部去掉,便于留下伤口,容易形成愈伤组织,易于生根,④扦插时要将下一个节埋入土中.从题干中可以看出小明采用的繁殖方式是扦插.茎段上方的切口是水平的,以减少伤口水分的蒸发,下方的切口是斜向的,利于增加吸水的面积,有利于生根.因此操作中不正确的是②茎段的上端切口斜向上,下端水平.

单项选择题
问答题

People today all over the world are beginning to hear and learn more and more about the problem of pollution. (46) Pollution is caused by either the release by man of completely new and often artificial substances into the environment, or by releasing greatly increased amounts of a natural substance, such as oil from oil tankers into the sea.
(47)The whole industrial process which makes many of the goods and machines we need and use in our daily lives, is bound to create a number of waste products which upset the environmental balance, or the ecological balance as it is also known. (48) Many of these waste products can be prevented or disposed of sensibly, but clearly while more and more new goods are produced and made complex, there will be new, dangerous wastes to be disposed of, for example, the waste products from nuclear power stations.
(49)Whatever its underlying reasons, there is no doubt that much of the pollution caused could be controlled if only companies, individuals and governments would make more efforts. In the home there is an obvious need to control litter and waste. Food comes wrapped up three or four times in packages that all have to be disposed of; drinks are increasingly sold in bottles or tins which cannot be reused. This not only causes a litter problem, but also is a great waste of resources, in terms of glass, metals and paper. Advertising helped this process by persuading many of us not only to buy things we neither want nor need, but also to throw away much of what we do buy. (50)Pollution and waste combine to be a problem every one can help to solve by cutting out unnecessary buying, excess consumption and careless disposal of the products we use in our daily lives.