As one works with color in a practical, or experimental way, one is impressed by two apparently unrelated facts. Color as seen is a mobile, changeable thing (1) to a large extent on the relationship of the color (2) other colors (3) simultaneously. It is not (4) in its relation to the direct stimulus which (5) it. On the other hand, the properties of surfaces that give (6) to color do not seem to change greatly under a wide variety of illumination color, usually (but not always) looking much the same in artificial light as in daylight. Both of these effects seem to be (7) in large part to the mechanism of color (8) .

When the eye is (9) to a colored area, there is an immediate readjustment of the (10) of the eye to color in and around the area (11) . This readjustment does not promptly affect the color seen but usually does affect the next area to which the (12) is shifted. The longer the time of viewing, the higher the (13) , and the larger the area, the greater the effect will be (14) its persistence in the (15) viewing situation. As indicated by the work of Wright and Schouten, it appears that, at (16) for a first approximation, full adaptation takes place over (17) time if the adapting source is moderately bright and the eye has been in (18) darkness just previously. Also, (19) of the persistence of the effect if the eye is shifted around from one object to another, all of which are at similar brightness or have similar colors, the adaptation will tend to become (20) over the whole eye.

4（）

A.fixed

B.firm

C.bound

D.open

病历：患者，男性，16岁。因多饮、多尿伴消瘦乏力1月来诊。空腹血糖16.2mmol/L，空腹胰岛素水平0.72Pmol/L（0.1mU/ml），诊断为胰岛素依赖型糖尿病。

提问：糖尿病酮症酸中毒患者，过多过快补充碳酸氢钠产生的不良影响，下列哪项正确（）

A.脑脊液pH反常升高

B.血pH骤升使血红蛋白和氧的亲和力上升

C.可诱发或加重脑水肿

D.促进钾离子向细胞内转移

E.反跳性碱中毒

F.以上都是