问题 阅读理解

阅读理解

       It seemed hopeless. From the first day he entered my junior-high classroom, Willard Franklin lived

in his own world.

      Shortly after the Thanksgiving holiday, we started the Christmas collection of money for the poor

people in our school.  "Christmas is a season of giving," I told my students,  " By contribution (捐献) to

our Christmas collection, you will help to buy food, clothes and toys for the poor people. We will start

the collection tomorrow. "

      When I called for(呼吁) the contributions the next day, I discovered that almost everyone had

forgotten except Willard Franklin. The boy walked slowly to my desk. Carefully, he dropped some

money into the small box.

      "I don't need milk for lunch. " He said in a low voice. For a moment, just a moment, he smiled. Then

he turned and walked back to his desk.

      That night, after school, I took our contributions to the headmaster. And I told him the story.  "I may

be wrong, but I believe Willard might be ready to become a part of the world around him," I said.

     "Yes," the headmaster nodded, "We must do something to help him. Look. Here is a list of the poor

families in our school who most need help through the Christmas collection. "

      To my surprise, Willard Franklin and his family were the top names on the list.

1. What was Willard like?

A. He was quiet.

B. He was outgoing.

C. He was confident.

D. He was active.

2. What did they collect during the Christmas season?

A. Food.          

B. Clothes.

C. Toys.          

D. Money.

3. Why did Willard say he did not need milk for lunch that day?

A. Because he did not like milk.

B. Because he had forgotten to bring milk with him.

C. Because he had given his milk to his teacher.

D. Because he had no money for milk after his contribution

4. The teacher thought Willard_________ after his contribution.  

A. hopeless

B. a fool

C. hoped to get along with others

D. hoped to get a big prize

5. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. The Christmas collection started before the Thanksgiving holiday.

B. Only Willard gave his money to the collection in his class.

C. Willard was not good at talking but he was kind.

D. Willard had a very rich family.

答案

1-5 A D D C C

阅读理解与欣赏

阅读文段,回答问题。

衣有年轮

  衣服的原材料往往会影响到穿者的健康水平与地球的安全状况。以皮革为例,在由动物皮加工的过程中,使用了包括甲醛、煤焦油、染料和氰化物在内的有毒物质。为了增加柔软和耐水性,皮革要经过鞣制。多数皮革使用硫酸铬等铬盐鞣制,产生含铬的废料。除此之外,皮革的生产过程中消耗大量的水和能源,经过鞣制后不再能被生物降解,对环境也有极大危害。

  近年来大受追捧的纯棉,也远没有这个词本身看来的那样清洁舒适。在棉花种植、造布、制衣、运输、使用的各个阶段,都有大量的能源需求和碳排放。纯棉,距离真正的低碳衣的要求还相去甚远。

  在现有的低碳衣概念中,循环再生仍是关键。但在传统的再生产品中,一直存在品质劣化问题,再生品意味着品质的下降,最后只能变成垃圾焚烧或填埋。

  新兴的生物循环再生技术将染料及其他材料完全去除,可以无限循环再生。这和在一定条件下从石油制造出聚酯原料再焚烧相比,能量消耗量及CO2排出量均可削减80%。而回收的服装可以返回工厂,重新再生为长纤维。这种方法为延长服装自身的生命周期提供了新的思路。

  衣服有自己的生命线。每件衣服都有自己的从原材料生成开始,到对其进行废弃处置为止的全生命周期。低碳衣只是所有环节中环保的基础。在制造、运输、使用、及处置的整个过程中,都会有能量的消耗,并产生碳的排放。

  实际上,已经有人开始把服装的碳排放指数组成“衣年轮”,来判断个人对服装的使用是否有益于环保和低碳。就像从树的年轮可以看出它的年龄和状况一样,衣服也有自己的年轮,用来衡定每件衣服的使用年限、生命周期内的碳排放总量以及年均碳排放量。

  每件衣服的材质、每个人的使用方式和回收与否,都会影响到衣年轮的变化,也会影响到碳排放的量。

  英国环境资源管理公司计算过一件约400克的100%涤纶裤子在其“一生”中消耗的能量。该裤子在中国台湾生产原料,在印度尼西亚制作,运到英国销售。假定其使用寿命为两年,经历了92次洗涤,用50℃温水的洗衣机洗涤,烘干机烘干后,平均花2分钟熨烫。这样算来,全部耗量约为200度电,如果电能由煤提供,就会排放出约47千克的CO2,相当于裤子本身重量的117倍。

  而如果每人每年少买一件衣服,按腈纶衣服的能耗标准,每吨衣服每吨产生5吨标准煤计算,则少买一件0.5千克的衣服能够减少5.7千克CO2。可见,少买新衣、多穿旧衣、少用洗衣机这样的低碳着装行为也非常重要。

  以自然界的草木藤蔓、动物皮毛来遮羞取暖的时代早已结束。现代人类的服装选择更多是基于审美的需要。风尚的瞬息万变,加快了衣服更新换代的速度,造成了更多的闲置。

  衣橱中沉睡的衣服,意味着更多的服装消耗,和更多的碳排放,从而带来更多的环境问题。其实,不光衣有年轮,时尚也有轮回。“过时”不过是不正确认识带来的产物。若是“有生命力”的衣服,旧衣也可变成穿在身上的复古,或是重新演绎的新时尚。(选自《青年文摘·彩版》2009年11月上有删改)

1.文章第一二两段说明的主要内容是什么?请根据文意概括回答。

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2.指出下列句子中划线的词语所指的具体内容。

①除之外,皮革的生产过程中消耗大量的水和能源,经过鞣制后不再能被生物降解,对环境也有极大危害。

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这种方法为延长服装自身的生命周期提供了新的思路。

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3.根据文意,给“衣年轮”下一个定义。

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4.认真体悟全文,解读链接材料,写出探究结果。

[链接材料]

  现在全球已经形成共识,就是2050年二氧化碳排放要减少50%-80%,而这个目标的实现是要依赖地球上每一个人,包括你、我、他。在这里,我们发出倡议:“为了地球,为了人类赖以生存的环境,让我们一同来减少生活作息时所耗用能量,适度吃、住、行、用,不浪费,多运动,再加上中国传统美德的勤与俭,从而减少日常生活中的碳排放量,特别是二氧化碳的排放量,注意节电、节油、节气,从点滴做起,加入“低碳达人”,实践“低碳生活”!

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