问题 问答题 简答题

论述班级组织结构的构成及构建班级的原则。

答案

参考答案:

(1)班级组织结构的构成要素主要包括:

①团支部。团支部一般由团支部书记、组织委员、宣传委员组成。

②班委会。班委会一般由班长、副班长、学习委员、生活委员、文娱委员、体育委员、劳动委员组成。

③小组。小组是班级管理中的基层组织。一般班级分为四个小组,组长一人,组员若干。

④科代表。每学科一人。班级在加强团支部、班委会建设的基础上,更应该突出小组建设。因为所有的班级成员,都是小组成员。也只有设计好小组结构,才能将班级所有成员包括进来。

(2)班级组织结构的构建原则:

①全面性原则。

②自主性原则。

③民主性原则。

④发展性原则。

教育是不断适应和向前发展的,因此,作为班级组织结构的构建,也应该具备发展的眼光,班级目标的制定也应是从近期目标到远期目标发展的过程。

阅读理解

We know the effect calories have on your body.For each pound of weight that your body carries,it takes about 12 calories per pound per day to keep it alive.If you weigh 150 pounds,you therefore need about (150×12) 1800 calories per day to keep yourself alive and maintain that same weight.

If you were to eat more than 1800 calories per day,the surplus turns into fat.It takes about 3600 excess calories to make a pound of fat.Let's say that you were to eat,on average,2000 calories per day.That extra 200 calories per day is going to turn into fat.However,you will eventually hit a point of equilibrium(平衡,均衡) because as you gain weight,you need more calories to maintain that weight.So,a person eating an average of 2000 calories per day will hit equilibrium at (2000/12) 166.67 pounds.

So let's say that you eat,on average,2000 calories per day and reach equilibrium at 166 pounds.Then you go on a crash diet where you eat only 1000 calories per day for 60 days.You lose 16 pounds and reach your target weight of 150 pounds.But then you go right back to eating 2000 calories per day again.The graph below shows your eating pattern before,during and after the diet:

Note that the graph assumes that you,like most people,eat a random number of calories per day.Some days you are “good” and eat less,and some days you are “bad” and eat more,but the assumption is that it averages out to 2000 calories per day over the long run.

This graph shows what happens to your weight before,during and after the diet:

The diet really takes the weight off.But the weight comes right back when you return to your “normal” eating pattern.The weight appears to come back so quickly because when you are at your lightest,you tend to gain more weight each day.The lighter you are,the fewer calories you need.If you only need 1500 calories per day and you're eating 2000,you're going to gain weight faster than if you need 1800 and you're eating 2000.

小题1:The passage is mainly about_________.

A.how to lose weight effectively

B.why the weight comes back so quickly once a person stops dieting

C.why a person puts on weight

D.how to keep a healthy diet小题2:According to the text,a person weighing 120 pounds needs _________calories per day to keep the same weight.

A.1440

B.1800

C.2000

D.1000小题3:Suppose all the following people take in 3000 calories every day.Who will gain weight fastest?

A.A person who weighs 200 pounds.

B.A person who weighs 180 pounds.

C.A person who weighs 150 pounds.

D.A person who weighs 100 pounds.小题4:What will the writer continue to discuss at the end of the text?

A.Ways to keep the weight off.

B.Ways to go on a diet.

C.Diseases caused by overweight.

D.Proper diet to keep healthy.

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