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有一待测的电阻器Rx，其阻值约在40～50Ω之间，实验室准备用伏安法来测量该电阻值的实验器材有：

电压表V（量程0～10V，内电阻约20kΩ）；

电流表A1，（量程0～500mA，内电阻约20Ω）；

电流表A2，（量程0～300mA，内电阻约4Ω）；

滑动变阻器R1（最大阻值为10Ω，额定电流为2A）；

滑动变阻器R2（最大阻值为250Ω，额定电流为0.1A）；

直流电源E（电动势为9V，内电阻约为0.5Ω）；

开关及若干导线．

实验要求电表读数从零开始变化，并能多测出几组电流、电压值，以便画出I-U图线．

（1）电流表应选用______．

（2）滑动变阻器选用______（选填器材代号）．

（3）请在如图甲所示的方框内画出实验电路图．

（4）将图乙中器材连成符合要求的电路．

答案

（1）电路最大电流约为I=

U
Rx
=
9
40
A=0.225A=225mA＜300mA，因此电流表应选择A2；

（2）滑动变阻器R2的额定电流是0.1A＜0.225A，且滑动变阻器R2的最大阻值较大，实验操作不方便，为保证电路安全，方便实验操作，滑动变阻器应选R1；

（3）实验要求电表读数从零开始变化，因此滑动变阻器应采用分压式接法，Rx阻值约在40～50Ω之间，电流表A2内电阻约4Ω，电压表V内阻约20kΩ，电压表内阻远大于待测电阻阻值，因此电流表应采用外接法，实验电路图如图所示．

（4）连成符合要求的电路如图所示．

故答案为：（1）A2；（2）R1；（3）电路图如图所示．（4）连成符合要求的电路如图所示．

单项选择题

Anyone who doubts that children are born with a healthy amount of ambition need spend only a few minutes with a baby eagerly learning to walk or a headp toddler starting to talk. No matter how many times the little ones stumble in their initial efforts, most keep on trying, determined to master their amazing new skill. It is only several years later, around the start of middle or junior high school, many psychologists and teachers agree, that a good number of kids seem to lose their natural drive to succeed and end up joining the ranks of underachievers. For the parents of such kids, whose own ambition is often inseparately tied to their children’s success, it can be a bewildering, painful experience. So it is no wonder some parents find themselves hoping that ambition can be taught like any other subject at school.
It’s not quite that simple. "Kids can be given the opportunities, but they can’t be forced," says Jaequelynne Eccles, a psychology professor at the University of Michigan who led a study examining what motivated first-and-seventh-graders in three school districts. Even so, a growing number of educators and psychologists do believe it is possible to unearth ambition in students who don’t seem to have much. They say that by instilling confidence, encouraging some risk taking, being accepting of failure and expanding the areas in which children may be successful, both parents and teachers can reignite that innate desire to achieve.
Dubbed Brainology, the unorthodox approach uses basic neuroscience to teach kids how the brain works and how it can continue to develop throughout life. The message is that everything is within the kids’ control, that their intelligence is

malleable

.
Some experts say our education system, with its p emphasis on testing and rigid separation of students into different levels of ability, also bears blame for the disappearance of drive in some kids. Some educators say it’s important to expose kids to a world beyond homework and tests, through volunteer work, sports, hobbies and other extracurricular activities. "The crux of the issue is that many students experience education as irrelevant to their life goals and ambitions," says Michael Nakkula, a Harvard education professor who runs a Boston-area mentoring program called Project IF (Inventing the Future), which works to get low-income underachievers in touch with their aspirations. The key to getting kids to aim higher at school is to tell them the notion that classwork is irrelevant is not true, to show them how doing well at school can actually help them fulfill their dreams beyond it. Like any ambitious toddler, they need to understand that they have to learn to walk before they can run.

The word "reignite" underlined in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______.

A．rekindle

B．confirm

C．find out

D．strike
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多项选择题

急性感染性腹泻的处置包括（）

A.病毒感染不需使用抗菌素

B.应留取粪便做常规检查

C.应留取粪便做细菌学检查

D.应及时补充液体及电解质

E.病原菌不明时应使用广谱抗菌药
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