问题 选择题

萃取法提取出的胡萝卜素粗品,可通过纸层析法进行鉴定,其原理是 [ ]

A.色素提取液中不同色素已分层

B.阳光的照射使各种色素已分层

C.滤纸对各种色素的吸附力不同

D.石油醚或丙酮使色素溶解,并且彼此分离的扩散速度不同

答案

答案:C

阅读理解与欣赏

论迅速

【英】 培 根

       ①急求速成是必须谨慎的,须知狼吞虎咽将令人消化不良。 

       ②真正做事迅速的人,并非事情仅仅做得快,而是做得成功而有效的人:譬如在赛跑中,优胜者并非步子迈得最急或脚抬得最高者;因此在事业上,迅速与否不能只用时间来衡量。 

       ③某些人只追求表面上的快速。为了显示工作效率,就把本未结束的事草草了结。然而这常常是了而不结,其结果是:一件本需做一次的事,却不得不回头重复多次。所以,有一位智者曾讲过这样一句至理名言:“慢些,我们就会更快了!”

        ④然而另一方面,我们又应该追求真正的迅速。因为时间与事业的关系,就有点像金钱与商品的关系。做事情费时太多,就好像买东西付出了高昂的代价。据说古代的斯巴达和西班牙人是一向行事迟缓的。因之有一句谚语说:“我愿采用西班牙式的死法。”——意思是说,这种死法可以来得慢一些。 

        ⑤当你听别人介绍情况时,最好首先耐心听,而不要急于插话。因为话头一被打断,陈述者就不得不把旧题重复一遍。所以那些乱插话者,甚至比发言冗长者更令人讨厌。

       ⑥说话重复也是浪费时间。但着重宣讲一件事的要点,使人易于抓住,反而可以提高效率。讲话不宜啰嗦,正如赛跑者不宜穿大袍。讲话不要过多兜圈子。这貌似谦虚,其实是在说废话。但应注意的是,对一个心持反对意见者,讲话却有必要谦和而委婉,否则正像把盐撒入口,会使他的成见更深。

       ⑦敏捷而有成效地工作、就要善于安排工作的次序。分配时间和选择要点。只是要注意这种分配不可过于琐碎。善于选择要点就意味着节约时间。而不得要领的奔忙却等于乱放空炮。

       ⑧做事常可分为三步--筹备、审议、执行。审议时应当博采众论、集思广益。但筹备和执行的人,却应当尽可能地少而精。

       ⑨在把一件计划交付审议之前,准备一个草案将有助于提高效率。即使这一草案在审议中被椎翻,这也意味着事情有了进展,因为已否定了不可取的方案。这种否定正如燃后的草木灰对于田地,有利于新植物的生长。 (选自《人生论》,有改动)

1、解释“集思广益”在文中的意思。

      集思广益:___________________________________________________________________________。

2、按本文作者的观点,“真正的迅速”是____________________________________________________。

3、第③段中引用了一句话:“慢些,我们就会更快!”作者引用这句话要论述的观点是:___________

   ___________________。请你另外写出两个与这句话意思相同的短语:⑴_________________________ 

   ___________;⑵___________________________________。

4、请你另外举一个事例来证明本文的中心论点。 _______________________________________________

   ________________________________________________________________________________________。

阅读理解

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

     Sharks are among the oldest animals on Earth.There are hundreds of kinds of sharks.Most are about

two meters long.The dogfish shark, however, is less than twenty centimeters in length.A shark has an

extremely good sense of smell.It can find small amounts of substances in water, such as blood, body

liquids and chemicals produced by animals.__1__ Sharks eat fish, other sharks, and plants that live in the

ocean.

     Sharks grow slowly.About forty percent of all sharks lay eggs.__2__Some sharks carry their young

inside their bodies as humans do.Some sharks are not able to reproduce until they are twenty years old.

Most reproduce only every two years.And they give birth to fewer than ten young sharks.For this reason, overfishing of sharks is of special danger to the future of the animal.

     Sharks are important for the world's oceans.They eat injured and diseased fish.Their hunting activities

mean that the numbers of other fish in ocean waters do not become too great.__3__

People hunt sharks for sport, food, medicine and their skin.Experts say the international market for some

kinds of sharks has increased because many parts of a shark are valuable.

     Collectors pay thousands of dollars for the jaws of a shark.__4__The skin of a shark can be used like

leather.

     In Asia, people enjoy a kind of soup made from shark fins.Experts say a fisherman can earn a lot of

money for even one kilogram of shark fins.Sharks are among the oldest animals on Earth, but some sharks are in danger of disappearing from Earth.__5__

A. Shark liver oil is a popular source of Vitamin A.

B. This protects the plants and other forms of life that exist in the oceans.

C. Sharks are valuable to us and we can make full use of them.

D. These powerful senses help sharks find their food.

E. If too many sharks in one area are killed, that group of sharks may never return to normal population

    levels.

F. They are a threat to other forms of life in the ocean.

G. The others give birth to live young.