问题 问答题

(1)在用伏安法测量一个定值电阻阻值的实验中提供了如下器材:

①待测电阻Rx(约100Ω);

②直流毫安表(量程0~20mA,内阻约50Ω);

③直流电压表(量程0~3V,内阻约5kΩ);

④直流电源(输出电压3V,内阻可不计);

⑤滑动变阻器(阻值范围0~15Ω,允许最大电流1A);

⑥电键一个,导线若干条.

实验要求最大限度的减小误差,则毫安表的连接应选择______(填“内接”或“外接”)的连接方式;滑动变阻器的连接应选择______(填“限流”或“分压”)的连接方式.

(2)用如图1所示的电路测量一节蓄电池的电动势和内电阻.蓄电池的电动势约为2V,内电阻很小.除蓄电池、开关、导线外,可供使用的实验器材还有:

A、电压表(量程3V)B、定值电阻R0(阻值4Ω,额定功率4W)

C、电流表(量程3A)D、电流表(量程0.6A)

E、滑动变阻器R(阻值范围0-20Ω,额定电流1A)

①电流表应选______;(填器材前的字母代号).

②根据实验数据作出U-I图象(如图2所示),则蓄电池的电动势E=______V,内阻r=______Ω;(均保留三位有效数字)

答案

(1):由于待测电阻阻值较小,满足

RV
Rx
Rx
RA
,所以电流表应用外接法;由于滑动变阻器的全电阻远小于待测电阻,所以变阻器应采用分压式接法;

(2):①:根据闭合电路欧姆定律可知,通过电路的最大电流为:

Imax
=
E
R0
=
2
4
A=0.5A
,所以电流表应选D;

②:根据闭合电路欧姆定律应有U=E-Ir,变形为:U=-rI+E,根据函数斜率和截距的概念可知,U-I图象的截距表示电动势,斜率绝对值表示内阻的大小,

故E=2.10V

r=

△U
△I
=
2.10-0.42
0.40
=4.20Ω

故答案为:(1)外接,分压

(2)①D;②2.10V,4.20Ω.

完形填空

Today people can use the phone to talk with others almost anywhere on the earth. But  31 you use the phone, you can’t see the person you are talking with. That  32  change in the future.

Now some people are using a kind of telephone called the picture phone or a vision phone(视频电话). Two people  33  are talking can see each other with it.

Picture phones can be useful when you have  34  to show the person you are calling. They may have other uses in the future. One day you may be able to ring up a   35  and ask to see a book. Then you’ll be able to   36  the book over your picture phone. Also you may be able to do shopping through your picture phone. If you see something   37  the newspaper that you want to buy, you can 38  the shop. People at the shop will show you the thing you’re   29  in over the phone. You’ll be able to shop all over the town and never even leave your room.

The picture phone is really a   40  phone. More and more people will use it.

小题1: A. if                         B. when                C. before  

小题2:A. can’t                      B. must                 C. may 

小题3: A. whom                     B. who                  C. which  

小题4: A. something                  B. nothing               C. everything

小题5:A. shop                      B. school                C. library 

小题6:A. read                       B. see                   C. watch  

小题7:A. in                         B. about                 C. on  

小题8: A. visit                       B. go                    C. call

小题9: A. interested                   B. bored                 C. interesting 

小题10: A. useless                      B. helpless               C. helpful

单项选择题