问题 阅读理解

阅读理解

       Over the last 70 years, researchers have been studying happy and unhappy people and finally found

out ten factors that make a difference. Our feelings of well-being at any moment are decided to a certain

degree by genes. However, of all the factors, wealth and age are the top two.

       Money can buy a degree of happiness. But once you can afford to feed, clothe and house yourself,

each extra dollar makes less and less difference.

       Researchers find that, on average, wealthier people are happier. But the link between money and

happiness is complex(复杂的). In the past half-century, the average income (平均收入) has sharply

increased in developed countries, yet happiness levels have remained almost the same. Once your basic

needs are met, money only seems to increase happiness if you have more than your friends, neighbors and colleagues.

       "Dollars buy status (social position), and status makes people feel better," say some experts, which

helps explain why people who can seek status in other ways, scientists or actors, for example, may happily accept relatively poorly-paid jobs.

       In a research, Professor Alex Michalos found that the people whose desires (欲望), not just for

money, but for friends, family, job, health, rose furthest beyond what they already had, tended to be less

happy than those who felt a smaller gap (差距). Indeed, the size of the gap predicted happiness about

five times better than income alone. "The gap measures just blow away the measures of only income."

says Michalos.

       Another factor that has to do with happiness is age. Old age may not be so bad "Given all the

problems of aging, how could the elderly be more satisfied?" asks Professor Laura Carstensen. In one

survey, Carstensen interviewed 184 people between the ages of 18 and 94, and asked them to fill out an

emotion questionnaire. She found that old people reported positive emotions just as often as young people. Some scientists suggest older people may expect life to be harder and learn to live with it, or they're more

realistic about their time running out. Older people have learned to focus on things that make them happy

and let go of those that don't.

       "People realize not only what they have, but also that what they have cannot last forever," she says.

"A goodbye kiss to a husband or wife at the age of 85, for example, may bring far more complex emotional responses than a similar kiss to a boy or girl friend at the age of 20."

1. Some actors would like to accept poorly-paid jobs because the jobs____ .

A. make them feel much better

B. provide chances to make friends

C. improve their social position

D. satisfy their professional interests

2. Professor Alex Michalos found that people feel less happy if _____.

A. the gap between reality and desire is bigger

B. they have a stronger desire for friendship

C. the hope for good health is much greater

D. their income is far below their expectation

3. We can infer from the passage that older people _____.

A. would like to have more goodbye kisses than young people

B. are used to living a hard life because they are kind to others

C. express their positive opinions just as some young people do

D. find it easier to feel happy because they are more realistic

4. According to the passage, the feeling of happiness _____.

A. increases gradually with age

B. is controlled partly by desires

C. has little to do with wealth

D. is decided mostly by genes

答案

1-4 C A D B

实验题

某同学做“测量小灯泡电功率”实验中,所用电源电压恒为4V,小灯泡的螺旋套上标有“2.5V”字样

(1)在检查仪器时,发现电流表的指针如图a所示,则他接下来的操作是       

(2)请你根据图b电路图用笔画线代替导线,将图c中未完成的电路连接好.要求:滑动变阻器的滑片向右移动时,连入电路的阻值变小,导线不能交叉.

(3)检查仪器和电路无误后,闭合开关,调节调动变阻器片到某一位置时,电压表示数如图d所示,现要测定小灯泡的额定功率,应将滑片适当地向      (选填“左”或“右”)移动,同时眼睛应观察        

(4)改变滑动变阻器的阻值,多次测量通过小灯泡的电流和它两端的电压,根据记录的数据画出了如图e所示的小灯泡的电流随电压变化的关系图象.由此可知,小灯泡的额定功率为    W,小灯泡灯线形电阻随电压的增大而     (选填“增大”、“不变”或“减小”).

(5)完成了上述实验后,小明进一步探究通电直导线周围的磁场分布情况,找来小磁针、铁屑、硬纸板等,做了如图f所示的实验,发现了直导线周围的磁场是以导线为圆心的同心圆圈,并找到了判断直导线周围磁场的方法:“用右手握住直导线.让大拇指指向直导线中电流的方向,则弯曲的四指所指方向为磁场方向.”请你用小明的方法判断如图g中小磁针北极转向     .图h中小磁针北极转向     (两空均选填“纸内”或“纸外”).

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