问题 计算题

(1)(8分)有一只电流表的满偏电流,内阻,现在要把它改装成一量程为Um=3的电压表。

①在虚线框中画改装电路原理图,并计算出所用电阻的阻值。

②某同学完成改装后,把这只电压表接在图示电路中进行测量:已知电阻R=1,断开电键S时电表读数U1=;闭合电键S时电表读数。试根据他所测出的数据近似计算出这只干电池的电动势E和内电阻,并说明你所作计算的近似的依据。

(2)(8分)地球同步卫星的发射一般是采用“三步走”来实施的:首先利用大推力火箭把卫星(携带推进器)送入近地圆轨道I;经过调整后,启动所携带的推进器一段时间,使卫星进入椭圆转移轨道Ⅱ;再经调整后,在椭圆轨道的远地点再次利用推进器,使卫星进入地球同步轨道Ⅲ,轨道情景如图所示,图中A、B两点分别为椭圆轨道Ⅱ与圆轨道I和Ⅲ的切点。

 

①比较卫星I、Ⅱ运动经过A点的加速度a、a,并简要说明理由.(推进器不在工作状态时)答:a        a(填“>”、“<”、“=”)理由:                          

                                

②比较卫星分别沿轨道Ⅱ和Ⅲ运动经过B点时速度的大小关系(推进器不在工作状态时)(填“>”、“<”、“=”)           

③已知地球半径R=6.4×106m,地面处重力加速度,同步卫星的周期T=8.64×104s。利用以上数据求出卫星在同步轨道上的运动速度(结果保留一位有效数字)

答案

(1)(8分)①如图:

②E=U1=

近的依据:根据闭合电路欧姆定律,路端电压

20090504

 
当S断开时,

(2)①=(2分)

②< (4分)

(3)(8分)

(1)(8分)①如图:

②E=U1=

近的依据:根据闭合电路欧姆定律,路端电压

20090504

 
当S断开时,

  (2)①(2分)=(2分)理由:两种轨道经过A点受到地球的引力相同,故加速度相同.(说明了万有引力定律和牛顿第二定律更完备)

②(4分)< (3)(8分)解:根据万有引力定律得:……(1)

设同步卫星的轨道半径为r,根据牛顿第二定律得:……(2)

由圆周运动知识知:(3)

联立上述三式,得:代入数据解得:

第3问评分细则:列出3个关系式各得1.5分,正确的计算结果得3.5分,若结果有效

位数错误扣去1分。

阅读理解

阅读理解.

     For an American, or a foreigner here, any chance to have a social life is welcome. But

what happened last night made me think I may be better off having no life while I'm in

Baghdad.

     Friday evening,l was on my way with an American journalist friend to his welcome party.

When we got to a checkpoint,we were told to get out of the car to be searched,which is

normal procedure. We waited under a tent,as our car was examined on the other side

of a wall. We couldn't see what was happening but we figured we would hit the road soon.

     But the search was taking longer than expected, probably because of a car bomb

threat that had been reported earlier. Then we noticed the officers put their helmets(头盔)

on. Never a good sign.

     Our Iraqi driver then noticed that our other Iraqi driver and guards who were in a

second car were standing facing a wall. We had gotten separated from them at the

checkpoint. We told two American officers that they were with us. They whispered

with each other and then walked away.

     A few minutes later, an officer walked toward us and asked us to follow him. He

said to me, "If you make any moves,l will take you down hard. "

     That's when l knew we were actually thought to be doing something terrible. We

were told to sit in a row on the sidewalk, facing the street. I noticed across the street

were our other driver and guards. They were also in a row, but in a kneeling position

with their hands on their heads.

     I was shocked. The only explanation could be that our guards had been at the

shooting range in the morning, so the police dog may have picked something up from

that. I also wondered why our Iraqi fellows on the other side of the street were being

treated worse than us when it was our car that was under suspicion(怀疑) .

      After the end of the hour long suffering, we were allowed to leave. No longer in

the mood for the party,we all went home.

1. The author and his people were going to the party____.

A. in two cars

B. in one car

C. under the protection of police officers

D. for the purpose of exploding a car

2. The author became aware the situation was worse than expected when__________.

A. they arrived at the checkpoint

B. the officers put their helmets on

C. an officer shouted at him

D. some people were asked to kneel down

3. Paragraphs 6 and 7 are mainly written to_________.

A. analyze the reason for the accident

B. describe the author's terrible feelings

C. state the importance to obey police

D. show how differently the officers treated them

4. The author indicated that in Iraq ,__________.

A. he would think twice before going to social activities

B. it was particularly dangerous for foreigners

C. foreigners were treating local people very cruelly

D. American officers could do whatever they wanted

问答题 简答题