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刘文同学发现某大酒店的大门是一种自动门，当有人靠近时，门会实现自动开闭．刘文同学对此产生了浓厚的兴趣，他很想知道自动门是如何实现自动控制的，为此他反复做了几次实验：当他轻轻地靠近自动门时，门自动打开，当把一个足球滚向自动门时，门自动打开，当把一面底部装有滚珠的无色透明大玻璃板直立着滑向自动门时，门不打开，刘文同学根据探究结果，对自动门的自控原理提出了以下几种猜想，你认为最合理的是（　　）

A．自动门听到来者的声音时通过声控装置实现自动开闭

B．自动门探测到靠近的物体发射出的红外线，通过光控装置实现自动开闭

C．自动门本身能发出红外线信号，当此信号被靠近的物体反射时，就实现自动开闭

D．靠近门的物体通过空气能带动自动门，实现自动开闭

答案

答案：C

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某施工单位承包某工程项目。甲、乙双方签订的关于工程的价款合同内容有：①建筑安装工程造价660万元，主要材料费占施工产值的比重为60%；②预付备料款为建筑安装工程造价的20%；③工程进度款逐月计算；④工程保修金为建筑安装工程造价的5%，保修期半年；⑤材料价差调整按规定进行(按有关规定上半年材料价差上调10%，在6月份一次调增)。
工程各月实际完成产值见表7-4。
表7-4 各月实际完成产值单位：万元

月　份 2 3 4 5 6
完成产值 55 110 165 220 110
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(46) A "scientific" view of language was dominant among philosophers and linguists who affected to develop a scientific analysis of human thought and behavior in the early part of this century. Under the force of this view, it was perhaps inevitable that the art of rhetoric should pass from the status of being regarded as of questionable worth (because although it might be both a source of pleasure and a means to urge people to right action, it might also be a means to distort truth and a source of misguided action) to the status of being wholly condemned. 47) If people are regarded only as machines guided by logic as they were by these "scientific" thinkers, rhetoric is likely to be held in low regard: for the most obvious truth about rhetoric is that it speaks to the whole person. It presents its arguments first to the person as a rational being, because persuasive discourse, if honestly conceived, always has a basis in reasoning. Logical argument is the plot, as it were, of any speech or essay that is respectfully intended to persuade people. 48) Yet it is a characterizing feature of rhetoric that goes beyond this and appeals to the parts of our nature that are involved in feeling, desiring, acting, and suffering. It recalls relevant instances of the emotional reactions of people to circumstances--real or fictional--that are similar to our own circumstances. 49) Such is the purpose of both historical accounts and fables in persuasive discourse: they indicate literally or symbolically how people may react emotionally, with hope or fear, to particular circumstances. A speech attempting to persuade people can achieve little unless it takes into account the aspect of their being related to such hopes and fears.

Rhetoric, then, is addressed to human beings living at particular times and in particular places. From the point of view of rhetoric, we are not merely logical thinking machines, creatures abstracted from time and space. The study of rhetoric should therefore be considered the most humanistic of the humanities, since rhetoric is not directed only to our rational selves. It takes into account what the "scientific" view leaves out. If it is weakness to harbor feelings, then rhetoric may be thought of as dealing in weakness. 50) But those who reject the idea of rhetoric because they believe it deals in lies and who at the same time hope to move people to action must either be liars themselves or be very naive. Pure logic has never been a motivating force unless it has been subordinated to human purposes, feelings, and desires, and thereby ceased to be pure logic. (447 words)

Notes: rhetoric修辞学。discourse 论文，讲演，语篇。as it were 可以说是，姑且这么说。

50.But those who reject the idea of rhetoric because they believe it deals in lies and who at the same time hope to move people to action must either be liars themselves or be very naive.
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