问题 材料题

政治民主化是历史发展的必然趋势,近代以来,中国的民主法制建设经历了一个不断发展的过程。阅读下列材料,回答问题。

材料一

第一章 总纲

第四条 中华民国,以参议院、临时大总统、国务员、法院行使其统治权。

第三章 参议院

第十六条 中华民国之立法权以参议院行之。

第四章 临时大总统 副总统

第二十九条 临时大总统、副总统,由参议院选举之……

第三十条 临时大总统,代表临时政府,总揽政务,公布法律。

第六章 法院

第四十八条 法院以临时大总统及司法总长分别任命之法官组织之。

第五十一条 法官独立审判,不受上级官厅之干涉。——《中华民国临时约法》

材料二 某一年的《人民日报》头版头条

材料三

第一章 总纲

第二条 中华人民共和国的一切权力属于人民。人民行使权力的机关是全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会。全国人民代表大会、地方各级人民代表大会和其他国家机关,一律实行民主集中制。

第三条 中华人民共和国是统一多民族的国家。各民族一律平等。禁止对任何民族的歧视和压迫,禁止破坏各民族团结的行为。各民族都有使用和发展自己的语言文字的自由,都有保持或者改革自己的风俗习惯的自由。各少数民族聚居的地方实行区域自治。各民族自治地方都是中华人民共和国不可分离的部分。——《中华人民共和国宪法》

请回答:

(1)据材料一,《中华民国临时约法》所规定的政治体制体现了什么原则?这部约法的颁布有何历史意义?

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(2)材料二中《人民日报》报道的会议召开于哪一年?这次会议通过的宪法具有怎样的性质?

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(3)依据材料三和所学知识,新中国确立了哪三大政治制度?

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(4)1999年九届全国人大通过宪法修正案,将什么内容写进宪法,从而使中国的民主法制建设达到新的高度?

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答案

(1)三权分立原则;是中国历史上第一部资产阶级民主宪法,对建立资产阶级共和制度,反对封建专制制度具有进步意义。

(2)1954年,新中国第一部社会主义类型的宪法。

(3)人民代表大会制度、政治协商制度、民族区域自治制度。

(4)依法治国,建设社会主义法治国家。

阅读理解

Emma and Hannah are 13–year–old school girls from Minnesota,USA.They are good at making new thing s and both of them are also good at sales.They are selling charms(小装饰物) made out of bottle caps.

The girls came up with the idea last summer when they saw charms were popular with kids.

They talked with their parents about the idea.Since then they have sold enough charms to buy a bike for Hannah.

The girls collect bottle caps and then clean them.They find some interesting pictures on the Internet or on paper,and then glue them onto the inside of the caps.There are different kinds of pictures,“Peace signs are popular with girls,and single–letter charms are popular with boys whose names start with those letters,”Emma and Hannah said.

Now,charms can be found everywhere at Dakota Hills Middle School in Eagan.“Students put charms on purses,backpacks ,and their lunchboxes,”said Emma.Emma and Hannah also have a shop on the Internet.They hope they can sell their charms to more kids.They’re thinking about selling their charms at the Eagan Market Festival next summer.

Their business is not only for getting money.At their Valentine’s sale,20%of the income( 收入) went to charity.

小题1:What are Emma and Hannah?

A.They’re waiters.

B.They’re sellers.

C.They’re students.

D.They’re charm makers.小题2:When did the girls begin to sell the charms?

A.About a year ago.

B.About two months ago.

C.Nearly fifty days ago.

D.Nearly five weeks ago.小题3:Which of the following may NOT be on the charms?

A.Pictures.

B.Signs.

C.Letters.

D.Numbers.小题4:What do Emma and Hannah hope to do now?

A.They hope to become rich people.      B.They hope to give money to charity.

C.They hope to sell more charms.        C.They hope to sell charms in every school.

小题5:Which of th following is TRUE?

A.The two girls love their parents and money.

B.Boys like charms with signs.

C.They won’t sell charms next smmer.

D.The charms are popular with students.

多项选择题