问题 解答题
探究题:已知:1-
1
2
=
1
1×2
1
2
-
1
3
=
1
2×3
1
3
-
1
4
=
1
3×4

(1)观察上面式子的规律,请你猜测并写出第五项;
(2)上述的规律用一般的式子可以表示为:
1
n
-
1
n+1
=
1
n(n+1)
(n为正整数);试证明它的正确性;
(3)请直接用上述的结果计算
1
2×3
+
1
3×4
+
1
4×5
+…+
1
x(x+1)
(x为正整数)的值.
答案

(1)∵1-

1
2
=
1
1×2
1
2
-
1
3
=
1
2×3
1
3
-
1
4
=
1
3×4

∴第五项:

1
5
-
1
6
=
1
5×6

(2)左边=

1
n
-
1
n+1

=

n+1
n(n+1)
-
n
n(n+1)

=

n+1-n
n(n+1)

=

1
n(n+1)

∵左边=右边,

1
n
-
1
n+1
=
1
n(n+1)
(n为正整数);

(3)原式=

1
2
-
1
3
+
1
3
-
1
4
+
1
4
-
1
5
+…+
1
x
-
1
x+1

=

1
2
-
1
x+1

=

x+1-2
2(x+1)

=

x-1
2(x+1)

综合
选择题