问题 论述题

建设生态文明是党中央提出的重大战略思想和战略任务。阅读材料,回答问题。

材料一

材料二  pM2.5是指直径小于等于2.5微米可入肺颗粒物,它也是造成雾霾天气的主要“元凶”之一。主要是日常发电、工业生产、汽车尾气排放等过程中经过燃烧而排放的残留物,如机动车尾气、燃煤等,通常会有重金属等有毒物质。世界卫生组织发布的报告显示,无论是发达国家还是发展中国家,目前大多数城市和农村人口均遭受到颗粒物对健康的影响。国务院要求2012年在京津冀、长三角、珠三角等重点区域以及直辖市和省会城市开展PM2.5监测,2015年覆盖所有地级以上城市。

材料三 为建设生态山东,山东省委、省政府要求各级政府要广泛听取群众的意见和建议,建立健全信息公开制度,构筑人民群众广泛参与的网络公共平台,倾听民声民意,及时解决热点难点问题。

(1)表述图表一和图表二所示的经济信息。(3分)

(2)结合材料二,运用所学的经济生活知识,说明我国开展PM2.5监测和治理对实现经济又好又快发展的意义。(10分)

(3)说明在解决材料三的问题上政府是如何做到科学民主决策的?(8分)

答案

(1)信息:图3表明随着我国经济快速发展,环境污染加剧;图4表明我国环保投资及占GDP比重不断增长;我国不断优化投资结构,促进生态文明建设。(3分)

(2)意义:①有利于促进企业改进技术,加强管理,节能减排,促进能源产业发展。②有利于消费者转变消费观念,树立正确的消费观,更好地发挥消费对生产的反作用。③是国家加强宏观调控的体现,有利于贯彻科学发展观。④有利于推动经济发展方式转变,调整经济结构和科技创新。⑤加强能源节约和生态环境保护,增强可持续发展能力,促进国民经济又好又快发展。(每要点2分,共10分)

(3)①拓宽民意反映渠道,支持公民采用多种方式参与决策过程;(2分)②自觉接受民主监督,增强决策透明度;(2分)③深化行政管理体制改革,依法行政,审慎行使权力;(2分)④坚持党的领导,坚持从群众中来到群众中去的工作方法和求真务实的作风。(2分)

题目分析:

(1)该题是图表题,要根据表头、项目和数据加以概括和总结。图表反映的是我国经济发展与环境污染、环保投资等数据和变化,与总结这些现象之间的内在联系,概述我国在保护生态环境上的成就及不足。

(2)该题围绕我国开展PM2.5监测和治理,从开展这一活动的意义上考查学生对所学知识的识记、理解和运用。对环境污染的监测和治理,对国家和社会、企业、消费者、环境保护等具有重大意义,学生可以从由大到小的层次逐个分析。

(3)该题需要学生根据材料内容中山东省政府的做法,运用所学的知识进行归纳总结。“广泛听取群众的意见和建议”是拓宽民众参与决策的渠道的体现;“建立健全信息公开制度”,有利于增强决策的透明度;“构筑与人民群众沟通的网络平台”深化行政管理体制改革;“倾听民声民意”是坚持对人民负责的原则。

填空题
单项选择题

The first and most important agents of socialization are the people who care for infants. In the earliest months, messages from nurturers constitute the child’’s basic understanding of the world around it. This is the infant’’s first introduction to the language that shapes perception and elicits emotion.Another powerful source of information and socialization is the friendship of peers. Peers are equals that one can deal with on the same level as oneself, whereas parents are superiors. The heavy emotional overlay of family relationships makes some kinds of learning difficult.Much formal socialization is placed in the hands of professionals. Teachers from kindergarten on are specifically designated agents of socialization. Ideally, a teacher is one who has both knowledge and the skills to present it. During the course of teaching their subjects, classroom instructors provide role models and attempt to convey the excitement of learning itself.In earlier times, parents, friends and teachers would comprise the list of primary childhood socializers. Children’’s books, comics and magazines might also have been mentioned as sources of information on norms and role models. Today one must add three powerful indirect or non-personal socialization agents: radio, movies and television. Many people learn about politics, form a vision of well-being, and develop attitudes towards others from what they see on the screen and hear through the speakers.

In this passage, agents of socialization refer to________.

A.the media

B.individuals

C.all channels

D.organizations