问题 综合题

阅读材料:(共28分)

材料一   20世纪初,清政府迫于国内外压力实行新政,进而发展成“预备立宪”,开始进行体制改革的探索。1905年清廷派载泽等五大臣出洋考察宪政。1906年载泽上密折说:立宪是“救危亡之方”,可使“皇权永固”、“外患减轻”、“内乱消弭”。

材料二  “中国数千年来都是君主专制政体,这种政体,不是平等自由的国民所堪受的,要去这政体,不是专靠民族革命可以成功.”“我们推倒清政府,从驱除满人那一面说是民族革命,从颠覆君主政体那一面说是政治革命,……那政治革命的结果,走建立民主立宪政体,照现在这样的政治说起来,就算汉人为君主,也不能不革命。”

——孙中山《在东京民报创刊周年庆祝大会上的演说》

材料三 人民的国家是保护人民利益的 * * 形式,只有人民当家作主才能体现真正的民主。                           ——毛 * * 《论人民民主专政》

请回答:

(1)据材料一说明20世纪初清政府“预备立宪”的目的。(4分)为此,它可以仿行当时哪国的体制?(2分)

(2)据材料二、三,概括孙中山与毛 * * 对民主政治不同认识,(8分)并指出各自的理论来源。(4分)

(3)根据材料三,结合所学知识列举中共为建立民主制度作了那些有益的探索,并分析做有益探索的主要原因。(10分)

答案

(1)消除内乱外患、维护专制统治(4分)。德国(日本)(2分)。

(2)认识:(孙中山)推翻封建专制,建立资产阶级共和国(4分);(毛 * * )人民当家作主,建立人民民主专政的国家(4分)。来源:(孙中山)西方资产阶级启蒙思想(2分);(毛 * * )马克思主义(2分)。

(3)按“三三制”原则建立抗日民主 * * ;中共“七大”提出建立民主联合政府;参加重庆谈判和政治协商会议;建国前夕,召开北平政治协商会议;人民代表大会制度;中共领导的多党合作和政治协商制度;民族区域自治制度。(任答三个即给6分)(6分)

原因:a、中共领导民主革命实践的产物;b、调动人民积极性是建立和建设新中国的需要,是建设社会主义民主政治国家的需要。(4分)

阅读理解

Do you have any of these bad habits ? Check yourself by answering  “yes”or“no” to these questions.

a)      Do you move your lips when reading silently ?

b)     Do you point to words with your fingers as you read ?

c)      Do you move your head from side to side as you read ?

d)     Do you read one word at a time ?

If your answer “yes”  to any of these questions , start at once to break the habits. If you move your lips, hold your fingers over them, or hold a piece of paper between your lips while you are reading. Then when your lips move, you will know it and stop them. If you point to words, hold the two sides of your book, one side with your left hand, the other side with your right hand. Then you won’t have a free finger to use in pointing while reading. If you move your head, place your chin in one hand, and hold your head still.

If you read no more than one word at a time, you need to work in learning to take in more words at each glance as your eyes travel across the lines of words. Even if you read fairly fast now, you can learn to even faster. As you probably have been told, the secret of fast reading is to take in whole groups of words at each glance. Read in several groups and force your eyes along the lines of words as fast as you can make them go. Anyone who practices doing these two things will be able to read faster.                                       

56. What do you think of those habits talked about in the text _________.

A. we should remember those habits

B. they should be got rid of

C. they are difficult to get rid of

D. they are good for our studies

57. You may hold your finger over your lips while reading so as to __________.

A. hold a piece of paper between your lips

B. keep yourself from talking to others

C. tell others to be silent

D. feel whether your lips move or not

58. When your eyes travel across the lines of words, you need to __________.

A. read the words out       

B. look at every word carefully

C. read several words at a time

D. remember every word

59. If you can read fairly fast now, __________.

A. you don’t need to learn to read faster

B. you can go on reading like that

C. you can learn to read even faster

D. you can enjoy reading

名词解释