问题
解答题
数列{an}中a1=1,且an+1=an+
①写出数列的前5项; ②归纳出数列的通项公式; ③用数学归纳法证明归纳出的结论. |
答案
①∵a1=1,an+1=an+
,1 n(n+1)
∴a2=1+
=1 2
;3 2
a3=a2+
=1 2×3
+3 2
=1 2×3
=10 6
;5 3
a4=a3+
=1 3×4
+5 3
=1 3×4
;7 4
a5=a4+
=1 4×5
+7 4
=1 4×5
;9 5
②由①归纳知,an=
;2n-1 n
③证明:(1)当n=1时,a1=1,等式成立;
(2)假设n=k时,ak=
,2k-1 k
则当n=k+1时,
ak+1=ak+1 k(k+1)
=
+2k-1 k 1 k(k+1)
=
(2k-1+1 k
)1 k+1
=
•1 k (2k-1)(k+1)+1 k+1
=
•1 k k(2k+1) k+1
=2k+1 k+1
=
.2(k+1)-1 k+1
即n=k+1时,等式也成立.
综上所述,对任意n∈N*,an=
均成立.2n-1 n