问题 单项选择题

我国古代教育家荀子说:“蓬生麻中,不扶而直;白沙在涅,与之俱黑”,这强调的是()因素对人的潜移默化的作用。

A.遗传

B.环境

C.教育

D.主观能动性

答案

参考答案:B

解析:本题考查影响人的身心发展因素。其中,环境是人的身心发展的外部客观条件,为个体的发展提供了多种可能,包括机遇、条件和对象等,使遗传提供的发展可能性变成现实。荀子的话体现了环境对人发展的潜移默化的影响作用。故选B。

完形填空

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Oliver Twist, one of the most famous works of Charles Dickens, is a novel reflecting the tragic fact of the life in Britain in the 19th century.

The author who himself was born in a poor family wrote this novel in his twenties with a view to reveal the ugly masks of those cruel criminals and to 36 the horror and violence hidden underneath the narrow and dirty streets in London.

The hero of this novel was Oliver Twist, an orphan, who was thrown into a world full of  37

and crime. He suffered enormous pain, 38 hunger, thirst, beating and abuse. While reading the tragic experiences of little Oliver, I was shocked by his sufferings. I 39 the poor boy, but at the same time I detested the evil Fagin and the brutal Bill. To my relief, as was written in all the best stories, the goodness eventually conquered  40  and Oliver lived a happy life in the end. One of the plots that attracted me 41  is that after the theft, little Oliver was allowed to recover in the kind care of Mrs Maylie and Rose and 42  a new life.

How can such a little boy who had already suffered oppressive pain 43  pure in body and mind? The reason is the nature of goodness. I think it is the most important information 44 in the novel by Dickens --- he believed that goodness could conquer  45  difficulty.

Goodness is to human what water is to fish. He who is without goodness is an utterly  46  person. On the contrary, as the famous saying goes, “ The fragrance always stays in the hand that gives the rose.” He who is with goodness undoubtedly is a happy and useful person. People receiving his help are grateful to him and he also gets gratified from what he has done, and thus he can do  47  to both the people he has helped and himself.

36. A. open       B. exploit         C. expose          D. cover

37. A. honor                B. poverty        C. glory           D. imagination

38. A. such like             B. for example    C. such as        D. for instance

39. A. looked down upon                      B. made an apology for

C. played a joke on                         D. felt sorry for

40. A. relationship     B. kindness         C. carelessness   D. devil

41. A. mainly     B. most          C. mostly         D. best

42. A. began              B. launched        C. set               D. changed

43. A. bear                         B. remain           C. hold          D. maintain

44. A. contained           B. implied            C. imported      D. added

45. A. every              B. some            C. little           D. much

46. A. gracious           B. worthless      C. modest       D. earnest

47. A. harm             B. damage       C. good             D. justice

单项选择题