问题 实验题

高锰酸钾是一种重要的化学试剂,其溶液不很稳定,在酸性条件下会分解生成二氧化锰和氧气,在中性或弱碱性溶液中分解速度很慢,见光分解速度加快。

(1)高锰酸钾溶液应________________(填保存的注意事项);酸性条件下高锰酸钾溶液分解的离子方程式______________。

(2)请配平高锰酸钾溶液与草酸钠Na2C2O4溶液在酸性条件下反应的离子方程式:____MnO4-  +  ____C2O42-+ ____ H+ —— ____Mn2+ +  ______CO2↑+ _______      

(3)某学习小组为了探究高锰酸钾溶液和草酸钠溶液的反应过程,将高锰酸钾溶液逐滴地滴入一定体积的酸性草酸钠溶液中(温度相同,并不断振荡时),记录的现象如下表:

请分析高锰酸钾溶液褪色时间变化的原因________________。

(4)该学习小组在获取了上述经验和结论以后,用稳定的物质草酸钠Na2C2O4(相对分子质量134.0)来标定高锰酸钾溶液的浓度。他们准确称取1.340g纯净的草酸钠配成250mL溶液,每次准确量取25.00mL溶液酸化后用KMnO4溶液滴定。

①高锰酸钾溶液应装在________(填下图中的仪器编号)。       

②为了防止高锰酸钾在酸性条件下分解而造成误差,滴定开始时,操作上必须是______________。

③当溶液呈微红色且半分钟内不褪色,消耗KMnO4溶液20.00mL(多次测定的平均值),则KMnO4溶液的浓度为________________。(附原子相对质量K=39Mn=55O=16 Na=23C=12)

答案

(1)配成中性溶液并保存在棕色试剂瓶中   ;4MnO4-+4H=== 4MnO2↓+3O2↑+2H2

(2)2 ; 5  ;16 ==== 2  ;10 ; 8H2

(3)反应生成的Mn2+对反应有催化作用,且c(Mn2+)浓度大催化效果更好

(4)①丙

②逐滴滴入高锰酸钾溶液,待前一滴高锰酸钾溶液颜色褪去后再滴加  (说明:当溶液中生成的Mn2+较多时,反应速率加快后再增大滴加速度) 

③0.0200mol/L

填空题
阅读下面短文,根据短文内容用方框内所给词语的适当形式填空,使短文语义完整。
work      thirsty      sell      another      money      was      shout      and      for       if
       A tourist was traveling alone in the desert (沙漠). After two weeks his car stopped   1  , so he started
walking. He was lost and had no water. It was very hot and he became very   2   . After five hours he saw a
small tent. There was a woman in it. The tourist said to her, "Water. Please   3   me some water." 
      "I'm sorry. I haven't any water. I only sell ties (领带)," the woman replied.
      The tourist had to walk on, and became more thirsty. Two hours later he came to   4   tent with an old man
in it. 
      "Water. Please sell me some water."
      "I'm sorry. I haven't any water. I only sell ties," the old man replied.
      The tourist put his   5   back into his pocket and walked on. He was very, very thirsty and tired. One hour
later he arrived at a third tent. There   6   a tall man in front of it. The tall man said, "Do you want to buy a tie?
I have a lot of beautiful ties." 
      "No! No! No!"    7   the tourist, "I need water. Please sell me water!" 
      "I'm sorry. I only have ties," said the tall man.
      The tourist fell to the ground   8   started to crawl (爬). Half an hour later he saw a large, expensive-looking
hotel. He crawled to the door and took out all his money. He said to the doorman, "Water! I will pay £100   9  
a glass of water." 
       The doorman looked at him and said, "I'm sorry, sir. You can't come into the hotel   10   you are not
wearing a tie."
请将答案写在下面的横线上:
1.__________    2.__________    3.__________    4.__________    5.__________
6.__________    7.__________    8.__________    9.__________   10.__________
单项选择题