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问题 选择题

1905年2月，陈独秀、柏文蔚联合安徽公学中的先进分子常恒芳等人，在芜湖发起成立岳王会，他们集会宣誓，订立章程，宣称“盖岳武穆抵抗辽金，至死不变，吾人须继其志，尽力排满”。这表明岳王会

A．深受传统封建忠君思想影响

B．与义和团的目标相似

C．其成立反映了国内政治形势

D．与同盟会有本质区别

答案

答案：C

题目分析：1905年陈独秀等人成立的岳王会其目的主要是像岳飞抗金那样反清，反映了当时国内的反清的形式，故选C。A项与材料意思相反；B项说法错误，义和团运动主要是反帝；D项错误，同盟会主要的目标也是反清建立民国。

点评：清末特别是《辛丑条约》签订后，清政府成了洋人的朝廷，中国完全沦为半殖民地半封建社会。只有推翻清政府，才能实现民族独立和政治上的民主，各种反清的团体建立。这些团体大都是狭隘的排满作为口号，虽然在一定的程度上能够起到团结民众的作用，但是其消极作用也需要了解。

单项选择题

乡镇卫生院按照法定程序与拟聘用人员签订《公开招募医学类专业人员到经济薄弱地区乡镇卫生院工作聘用合同书》，服务期限一般不得少于几年？（）

A.2

B.3

C.4

D.5
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问答题

The first mention of slavery in the statutes of the English colonies of North America does not occur until after 1660--some forty years after the importation of the first Black people. Lest we think that slavery existed in fact before it did in law, Oscar and Mary Simon assure us that the status of Black people down to the 1660’s was that of servants. (46) A critique of the Simons’ interpretation of why legal slavery did not appear until the 1660’s suggests that assumptions about the relation between slavery and racial prejudice should be reexamined, and that explanations for the different treatment of Black slaves in North and South America should be expanded.
(47) The Simons explain the appearance of legal slavery by contending that, during the 1660’s, the position of White servants was improving relative to that of Black servants. Thus, the Simons argue, Black and White servants, heretofore treated alike, each attained a different status. There are, however, important objections to this argument. First, the Simons cannot adequately demonstrate that the White servant’s position was improving during and after the 1660’s; several acts of the Maryland and Virginia legislatures indicate otherwise. Another flaw in the Simons’ interpretation is their assumption that prior to the establishment of legal slavery there was no discrimination against Black people. It is true that before the 1660’s Black people were rarely called slaves. But this should not overshadow evidence from the 1630’s on that points to racial discrimination without using the term slavery. Such discrimination sometimes stopped short of lifetime servitude or inherited status--the two attributes of true slavery--yet in other cases it included both. (48) The Simons’ argument excludes the real possibility that Black people in the English colonies were never treated as the equals of White people.
This possibility has important ramifications. (49) If from the outset Black people were discriminated against, then legal slavery should be viewed as a reflection and an extension of racial prejudice rather than, as many historians including the Simons have argued, the cause of prejudice. In addition, the existence of discrimination before the advent of legal slavery offers a further explanation for the harsher treatment of Black slaves in North than in South America. (50) Frey and Terry have rightly argued that the lack of certain traditions in North America--such as a Roman conception of slavery and a Roman Catholic emphasis on equality--explains why the treatment of Black slaves was more severe there than in the Spanish and Portuguese colonies of South America. But this cannot be the whole explanation since it is merely negative, based only on a lack of something.
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