问题 读图填空题

下图表示某种抗原递呈细胞(APC)在免疫调节中的作用,据图回答: 

(1)该种APC能表达TLR蛋白,进而激活免疫反应。研究表明,如果使TLR基因发生突变而丧失功能,小鼠就不能探测到细菌的存在,据此推测TLR在免疫中具有_____作用。若TLR蛋白过多,免疫系统会攻击人体正常细胞,引发______病。

(2)受病原体刺激后,APC会启动核内相关基因,转录出相应的________,从而合成白介素等免疫活性物质并释放到细胞外,直接消灭入侵的多种病原体,该过程属于________免疫。APC还能摄取、加工病原体蛋白,并将其呈递给T细胞,可见APC又是________免疫的启动者。

(3)除病原体外,免疫调节也可以对付体内出现的异常细胞,这体现了免疫系统的________功能。

(4)人体内的APC来源于多能造血干细胞,是细胞_______的结果。在体外通过______技术,可人工增殖APC。

答案

(1)识别;自身免疫

(2)mRNA;非特异性;特异性

(3)监控和清除

(4)分化;(动物)细胞培养

问答题
单项选择题

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If you’re at the earliest stage of the learning curve, start by reading technology-oriented columns and articles in magazines, newspapers and websites that are written for a general audience. Move up to more tech-oriented e-letters as you build a foundation. As you come across new tells, look them up online. Definitions at Wikipedia, the online encyclopedia written and edited by web users, may be helpful. You should also start associating with people who can help explain things. Look for groups that sponsor seminars or find a supportive online community. Don’t be afraid to guide your helper. Explain what you need to know, ask him or her to slow down and speak in basic terms.

What does Sally Falkow say about the problems she is faced with()

A. All the tech support persons need to make those lingo easy-to-understand

B. A big conversation is needed between the customer and the tech support persons

C. The users need to learn some tech lingo to understand the tech support persons

D. The users can escape from one tech support person and find another one