问题 选择题

小明常常不经同意就损坏别人东西,到食堂买饭也不排队,他的做法[ ]

①必然受到舆论谴责

②只要不违法就可以

③是一种不道德的行为

④不懂法治与德治的关系

A.①②④

B.①②③

C.①③④

D.②③④

答案

答案:C

阅读理解
阅读理解,根据短文材料完成表格。
     I've celebrated Christmas many times, but this is the first time with family and relatives. My cousins
from my mum's side invited us for Christmas celebration at their house this year. I don't see them often,
as generally we're not that close to them.
     A bit history of them here. They were the children of my second uncle. He had two wives. The
cousins I met there were from both. Four daughters and a son from the first, and two sons from the
second. The rest were not around. The house we went to is in Tropicana, which was extremely large.
     I enjoyed the celebration we had yesterday. It's the usual stuff  I've seen on TV, and heard from
friends who celebrate  them. Caroling (圣颂歌), having dinner, social talks, introduction of who is
whose children etc., and not to miss, the food, delicious. I like the turkey sandwich.
      As usual, I looked and walked around after dinner, and to my surprise, two of my nephews, aged
22 and 25, look really beautiful, just like movie stars. The nieces were not bad at all. Some are very
pretty, and the rest are all above average.
      We left about 11:30 pm. I sure hope to meet them again in the near future. Hopeful]y when rny
cousin that I meet quite regularly, had her open house, also in Tropicana.
Last Christmas , I
celebrated for the first timewith family and relatives of __1__ people.
had quite a lot of cousins, nieces, nephews,but we didn't often __2__ one another.
enjoyed not only the celebrationbut also the __3__ as well as so many relatives.
was ___4__ to find thatmost of my relatives were quite pretty and smart.
did hope to meet those relativesin the near future     5    
阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面一段文字,完成1—4题。

松果体素是由大脑中的松果体分泌的一种化学物质。研究发现松果体素与人的睡眠节律有明显的关系,它帮助人体在夜晚产生睡意并安稳入睡。

松果体与位于大脑内部被称为下丘脑的腺体。共同控制着人的睡眠/清醒周期。松果体分泌松果体素的周期受环境、光照强度的影响。光线透过视网膜到达下丘脑的视束交叉上的神经核,进而转化成特定信息传抵松果体,松果体便会提高或降低松果体素的分泌。夜晚来临时,松果体释放出松果体素,使体温下降,心跳速度减缓,身体处于放松状态。血液中的松果体素浓度在凌晨l-5时达到一天中的峰值。随着曙光渐露,松果体素的分泌量逐渐降低。松果体分辨昼夜的能力,与人体感受昼夜周期的功能正常与否有极密切的关联。以光照强弱为特征的昼夜讯号,透过视网膜传达至松果体的路径,解释了造成部分盲人睡眠模式紊乱的原因。由此可知,睡眠模式紊乱及伴随而来的松果体素分泌异常,很可能是因为体内缺乏适当的昼夜感觉刺激所致。

对人体而言,维持睡眠/清醒周期的正常是非常重要的。体内自然分泌的松果体素不足会改变人的睡眠/清醒节律,也深深地影响着睡眠的质量。(节选自《科学画报》98.9《谁控制着人体的昼夜节律》)

1.根据文意,对“松果体素”理解正确的一项是( )

A.一种由大脑中松果体分泌的与人睡眠有明显关系的化学物质。

B.由松果体释放出来的控制体温升降和心跳速度的一种化学物质

C.由松果体分泌出来的分泌量随着光照强度的增减而增减的一种化学物质。

D.一种由松果体自然分泌的帮助人体产生睡意并安稳人睡的化学物质。

2.对文中划线句子的意思,理解正确的一项是( )

A.松果体分辨昼夜的能力,足以控制人体感受昼夜周期的运作。

B.松果体分辨昼夜的能力,有助于人体感受昼夜周期功能的发挥。

C.人体感受昼夜周期的功能正常与否,影响松果体分辨昼夜的能力。

D.人体感受昼夜周期的功能正常与否,取决于松果体分泌松果体素的多少。

3.下列说法符合原文意思的一项是( )

A.人的睡眠/清醒周期,是由自然分泌松果体素的松果体控制的。

B.人的睡眠/清醒周期发生紊乱,原因就在于松果体分泌松果体素的周期不正常。

C.维持体内松果体素的正常分泌,是维持睡眠/ 清醒周期正常的重要条件。

D.停止松果体素的分泌,将扰乱人的睡眠/清醒节律,严重影响睡眠的质量。

4.对文中所提供的信息,理解不准确的一项是( )

A.松果体通过感觉器官接收以光照强弱为特征的昼夜讯号的不同,导致了血液中松果体素 的浓度昼夜不同,

B.盲人睡眠模式紊乱的原因在于昼夜光照强弱讯号不能透过视网膜传抵松果体,也就不能调节松果体素的分泌。

C.人体内缺乏适当的昼夜感觉刺激,可能导致松果体不能正常地分泌松果体素,并使睡眠模式产生紊乱。

D.松果体素与人的睡眠节律有明显的关系。松果体分泌松果体素的周期受环境、光照强度的影响。